Reliable results depend on simulating field conditions as closely as possible. Small variations in dry density or initial water content can significantly alter the measured swell strain. For any high-stakes project, ensure your lab is following the latest 2021 protocols to provide the most accurate data for your design.
The collapse pressure of pipe is an important factor in designing and installing sewer systems, as it affects the structural integrity and performance of the pipe. Astm D4546-21 Pdf